A quick blog on an updated security publication for Exchange Server 2016 and 2019. This publication addresses the following vulnerability:
CVE-2021-1730: Microsoft Exchange Server Spoofing Vulnerability
A spoofing vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange Server which could result in an attack that would allow a malicious actor to impersonate the user.
As mentioned in the CVE report, this vulnerability can be mitigated in Exchange 2016 and Exchange 2019 by implementing a separate namespace for inline images. These images are served when using Outlook Web Access. Since I never see customers implementing this option, I will repeat these steps below to bring this to your attention.
First, pick a namespace to serve these images from, e.g. img.mail.contoso.com. Create a CNAME for this entry in the DNS, and point it to your OWA namespace, for example img.mail.contoso.com. Add this namespace to your existing SSL certificate (SAN) unless you are using a wildcard certificate and the chosen namespace is covered by it.
Next, configure the InternalDownloadHostName and ExternalDownloadHostName properties from OWAVirtualDirectory configuration, e.g.
Get-OwaVirtualDirectory | Set-OwaVirtualDirectory -ExternalDownloadHostName img.mail.contoso.com -InternalDownloadHostName img.mail.contoso.com
Configure the Exchange organization to use download domains:
Set-OrganizationConfig -EnableDownloadDomains $true
Finally, restart IIS or recycle the OWA application pool using Restart-WebAppPool MSExchangeOWAAppPool.
EighTwOne (821) 
Hi,
does it apply to 2016 CU_19_ too? in the CVEits only 2016 CU18 and 2019 CU7 listed.
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-1730
should it be a subdomain or must it a subdomain?
The CVE is not very consistent “Download.Mail.Contoso.com” in the DNS entry and “ownloaddomain.contoso.com” in the VDir entrys
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Subdomain is not required – as long as its on the certificate and resolves. Typos happen everywhere š
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I am in process to install the May Security update https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/description-of-the-security-update-for-microsoft-exchange-server-2019-2016-and-2013-may-11-2021-kb5003435-028bd051-b2f1-4310-8f35-c41c9ce5a2f1
do I still need to add the DNS record as you mentioned.
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Wording in these documents can puzzling. it states vulnerability CVE-2021-1730 has been addressed in KB4571787/8, i.e. 2019CU7 & 2016CU18 (and later). Per these CUs, the EnableDownloadDomains feature was added, which is a recommendation, making it complementary and limiting for future spoofing issues this area.
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Thanks for addressing this as there is very little content out there about it. I didnt even notice I needed it until I ran the HealthChecker PowerShell script. At the very end the output reads as follows:
Download Domains Enabled: False; Download Domains are not configured. You should configure them to be protected against CVE-2021-1730. Configuration instructions: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-1730”
I’m still quite confused about why this is needed. Is there a way to test for the exploit (in other words, test that the issue has not been mitigated?)?
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Not disclosed, and not aware of any public PoC for CVE2021-1730
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Intern everything works. Extern I got error code 404 if i use Subdomain with CNAME. If I use Subdomain, A-Entry, DMZ, Reverse Proxy I got error 302. Pictures are not shown in OWA. Any idea?
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have you already found a solution?
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Did you manage to solve this? Having similar issue with WAF in front of CAS server…
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Does this need to be actioned if all the mailboxes are now hosted in EXO?
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It is regarded best practice. However, since your users won’t be accessing OWA/ECP, I don’t see value.
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